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man7.org > Linux > man-pages Linux/UNIX system programming training ip(8) — Linux manual pageNAME | SYNOPSIS | OPTIONS | IP - COMMAND SYNTAX | ENVIRONMENT | EXIT STATUS | EXAMPLES | HISTORY | SEE ALSO | REPORTING BUGS | AUTHOR | COLOPHON IP(8) Linux IP(8) NAME top ip - show / manipulate routing, network devices, interfaces and tunnels SYNOPSIS top ip [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help } ip [ -force ] -batch filename OBJECT := { link | address | addrlabel | route | rule | neigh | ntable | tunnel | tuntap | maddress | mroute | mrule | monitor | xfrm | netns | l2tp | tcp_metrics | token | macsec | vrf | mptcp | ioam | stats } OPTIONS := { -V[ersion] | -h[uman-readable] | -s[tatistics] | -d[etails] | -r[esolve] | -iec | -f[amily] { inet | inet6 | link } | -4 | -6 | -B | -0 | -l[oops] { maximum-addr- flush-attempts } | -o[neline] | -rc[vbuf] [size] | -t[imestamp] | -ts[hort] | -n[etns] name | -N[umeric] | -a[ll] | -c[olor] | -br[ief] | -j[son] | -p[retty] } OPTIONS top -V, -Version Print the version of the ip utility and exit. -h, -human, -human-readable output statistics with human readable values followed by suffix. -b, -batch Read commands from provided file or standard input and invoke them. First failure will cause termination of ip. -force Don't terminate ip on errors in batch mode. If there were any errors during execution of the commands, the application return code will be non zero. -s, -stats, -statistics Output more information. If the option appears twice or more, the amount of information increases. As a rule, the information is statistics or some time values. -d, -details Output more detailed information. -l, -loops Specify maximum number of loops the 'ip address flush' logic will attempt before giving up. The default is 10. Zero (0) means loop until all addresses are removed. -f, -family Specifies the protocol family to use. The protocol family identifier can be one of inet, inet6, bridge, mpls or link. If this option is not present, the protocol family is guessed from other arguments. If the rest of the command line does not give enough information to guess the family, ip falls back to the default one, usually inet or any. link is a special family identifier meaning that no networking protocol is involved. -4 shortcut for -family inet. -6 shortcut for -family inet6. -B shortcut for -family bridge. -M shortcut for -family mpls. -0 shortcut for -family link. -o, -oneline output each record on a single line, replacing line feeds with the '\' character. This is convenient when you want to count records with wc(1) or to grep(1) the output. -r, -resolve use the system's name resolver to print DNS names instead of host addresses. -n, -netns switches ip to the specified network namespace NETNS. Actually it just simplifies executing of: ip netns exec NETNS ip [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help } to ip -n[etns] NETNS [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help } -N, -Numeric Print the number of protocol, scope, dsfield, etc directly instead of converting it to human readable name. -a, -all executes specified command over all objects, it depends if command supports this option. -c[color][={always|auto|never} Configure color output. If parameter is omitted or always, color output is enabled regardless of stdout state. If parameter is auto, stdout is checked to be a terminal before enabling color output. If parameter is never, color output is disabled. If specified multiple times, the last one takes precedence. This flag is ignored if -json is also given. Used color palette can be influenced by COLORFGBG environment variable (see ENVIRONMENT). -t, -timestamp display current time when using monitor option. -ts, -tshort Like -timestamp, but use shorter format. -rc, -rcvbuf Set the netlink socket receive buffer size, defaults to 1MB. -iec print human readable rates in IEC units (e.g. 1Ki = 1024). -br, -brief Print only basic information in a tabular format for better readability. This option is currently only supported by ip addr show , ip link show & ip neigh show commands. -j, -json Output results in JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). -p, -pretty The default JSON format is compact and more efficient to parse but hard for most users to read. This flag adds indentation for readability. -echo Request the kernel to send the applied configuration back. IP - COMMAND SYNTAX top OBJECT address - protocol (IP or IPv6) address on a device. addrlabel - label configuration for protocol address selection. ioam - manage IOAM namespaces and IOAM schemas. l2tp - tunnel ethernet over IP (L2TPv3). link - network device. maddress - multicast address. monitor - watch for netlink messages. mptcp - manage MPTCP path manager. mroute - multicast routing cache entry. mrule - rule in multicast routing policy database. neighbour - manage ARP or NDISC cache entries. netns - manage network namespaces. ntable - manage the neighbor cache's operation. route - routing table entry. rule - rule in routing policy database. stats - manage and show interface statistics. tcp_metrics/tcpmetrics - manage TCP Metrics token - manage tokenized interface identifiers. tunnel - tunnel over IP. tuntap - manage TUN/TAP devices. vrf - manage virtual routing and forwarding devices. xfrm - manage IPSec policies. The names of all objects may be written in full or abbreviated form, for example address can be abbreviated as addr or just a. COMMAND Specifies the action to perform on the object. The set of possible actions depends on the object type. As a rule, it is possible to add, delete and show (or list ) objects, but some objects do not allow all of these operations or have some additional commands. The help command is available for all objects. It prints out a list of available commands and argument syntax conventions. If no command is given, some default command is assumed. Usually it is list or, if the objects of this class cannot be listed, help. ENVIRONMENT top COLORFGBG If set, it's value is used for detection whether background is dark or light and use contrast colors for it. COLORFGBG environment variable usually contains either two or three values separated by semicolons; we want the last value in either case. If this value is 0-6 or 8, chose colors suitable for dark background: COLORFGBG=";0" ip -c a EXIT STATUS top Exit status is 0 if command was successful, and 1 if there is a syntax error. If an error was reported by the kernel exit status is 2. EXAMPLES top ip addr Shows addresses assigned to all network interfaces. ip neigh Shows the current neighbour table in kernel. ip link set x up Bring up interface x. ip link set x down Bring down interface x. ip route Show table routes. HISTORY top ip was written by Alexey N. Kuznetsov and added in Linux 2.2. SEE ALSO top ip-address(8), ip-addrlabel(8), ip-ioam(8), ip-l2tp(8), ip-link(8), ip-maddress(8), ip-monitor(8), ip-mptcp(8), ip-mroute(8), ip-neighbour(8), ip-netns(8), ip-ntable(8), ip-route(8), ip-rule(8), ip-stats(8) ip-tcp_metrics(8), ip-token(8), ip-tunnel(8), ip-vrf(8), ip-xfrm(8) IP Command reference ip-cref.ps REPORTING BUGS top Report any bugs to the Network Developers mailing list where the development and maintenance is primarily done. You do not have to be subscribed to the list to send a message there. AUTHOR top Original Manpage by Michail Litvak COLOPHON top This page is part of the iproute2 (utilities for controlling TCP/IP networking and traffic) project. Information about the project can be found at ⟨http://www.linuxfoundation.org/collaborate/workgroups/networking/iproute2⟩. If you have a bug report for this manual page, send it to [email protected], [email protected]. This page was obtained from the project's upstream Git repository ⟨https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/network/iproute2/iproute2.git⟩ on 2023-12-22. (At that time, the date of the most recent commit that was found in the repository was 2023-12-20.) If you discover any rendering problems in this HTML version of the page, or you believe there is a better or more up-to-date source for the page, or you have corrections or improvements to the information in this COLOPHON (which is not part of the original manual page), send a mail to [email protected] iproute2 20 Dec 2011 IP(8)Pages that refer to this page: networkctl(1), pmdanetcheck(1), veth(4), bpf-helpers(7), ip(7), network_namespaces(7), packet(7), arptables-nft(8), bridge(8), ebtables-nft(8), genl(8), ifstat(8), ip-address(8), ip-addrlabel(8), ip-fou(8), ip-l2tp(8), ip-link(8), ipmaddr(8), ip-maddress(8), ip-monitor(8), ip-mroute(8), ip-neighbour(8), ip-netconf(8), ip-netns(8), ip-nexthop(8), ip-ntable(8), ip-route(8), ip-rule(8), ip-stats(8), ip-tcp_metrics(8), ip-token(8), ip-tunnel(8), iptunnel(8), ip-vrf(8), lnstat(8), netstat(8), ping(8), rdma-dev(8), routel(8), rtmon(8), ss(8), tc-bfifo(8), tc-pfifo_fast(8), wg(8), wg-quick(8) HTML rendering created 2023-12-22 by Michael Kerrisk, author of The Linux Programming Interface. For details of in-depth Linux/UNIX system programming training courses that I teach, look here. Hosting by jambit GmbH. 
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